Multi-Valued Data Transmission Quality Evaluation Using Two-Dimensional PAM-4 Symbol Mapping.

This paper presents an eye-opening monitor technique leveraging four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) symbol transition characteristics. This approach facilitates the evaluation of data transmission quality concerning the adaptive coefficient settings of PAM-4 equalizers. The two-dimensional (2D) symbol transition mapping visually depicts the degree of intersymbol interfer- ence (ISI). This work expands upon the 2D mapping model introduced in [14], adding more theoretical analysis and new simulation results. Both simulation and empirical results indicate that 2D symbol mapping can assess the quality of PAM-4 data transmission impaired by ISI and can visually represent the equalization effect. This paper is an extension of [14]. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 21K11819 and 21H01381.

Authors

• Kazuharu Nakajima
• Yasushi Yuminaka
• Yosuke Iijima

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