FLAP Journal 2023 Journal Article
Multi-Valued Data Transmission Quality Evaluation Using Two-Dimensional PAM-4 Symbol Mapping.
- Kazuharu Nakajima
- Yasushi Yuminaka
- Yosuke Iijima
This paper presents an eye-opening monitor technique leveraging four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) symbol transition characteristics. This approach facilitates the evaluation of data transmission quality concerning the adaptive coefficient settings of PAM-4 equalizers. The two-dimensional (2D) symbol transition mapping visually depicts the degree of intersymbol interfer- ence (ISI). This work expands upon the 2D mapping model introduced in [14], adding more theoretical analysis and new simulation results. Both simulation and empirical results indicate that 2D symbol mapping can assess the quality of PAM-4 data transmission impaired by ISI and can visually represent the equalization effect. This paper is an extension of [14]. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 21K11819 and 21H01381.