Local Graph Partitions for Approximation and Testing

We introduce a new tool for approximation and testing algorithms called partitioning oracles. We develop methods for constructing them for any class of bounded-degree graphs with an excluded minor, and in general, for any hyperfinite class of bounded-degree graphs. These oracles utilize only local computation to consistently answer queries about a global partition that breaks the graph into small connected components by removing only a small fraction of the edges. We illustrate the power of this technique by using it to extend and simplify a number of previous approximation and testing results for sparse graphs, as well as to provide new results that were unachievable with existing techniques. For instance: 1. We give constant-time approximation algorithms for the size of the minimum vertex cover, the minimum dominating set, and the maximum independent set for any class of graphs with an excluded minor. 2. We show a simple proof that any minor-closed graph property is testable in constant time in the bounded degree model. 3. We prove that it is possible to approximate the distance to almost any hereditary property in any bounded degree hereditary families of graphs. Hereditary properties of interest include bipartiteness, k-colorability, and perfectness.

Authors

• Avinatan Hassidim
• Jonathan A. Kelner
• Huy N. Nguyen
• Krzysztof Onak

Keywords

• Testing
• Particle separators
• Computer science
• Approximation algorithms
• Polynomials
• Partitioning algorithms
• Tree graphs
• Binary trees
• Graph Partitioning
• Local Partition
• Estimation Algorithm
• Minimum Coverage
• Local Computing
• Graph Properties
• Maximum Independent Set
• Simple Proof
• Class Of Graphs
• Vertex Cover
• Fraction Of Edges
• Family Of Graphs
• Running Time
• Average Degree
• Combinatorial Problem
• Algorithm For Problem
• Probability 1
• Distributed Algorithm
• Global Algorithm
• Induced Subgraph
• Input Graph
• Graph Operations
• Planar Graphs
• Edge Removal
• Graph Problems
• Present Configuration
• Vertex Degree
• constant time algorithms
• separator theorem