Spatial-Frequency Spiking Neural Network for Underwater Object Detection

Underwater object detection presents significant challenges due to the unique visual degradations in underwater environments, such as low contrast, poor visibility, and blurry object boundaries. While ANNs have achieved impressive detection accuracy, their high computational cost and power consumption limit their deployment in resource-constrained underwater platforms. In this work, we propose a Spatial-Frequency Spiking Neural Network (SFSNN) that combines the energy-efficient and event-driven nature of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with the discriminative power of spatial-frequency analysis. SFSNN introduces a novel spatial-frequency spiking module that integrates spatial and frequency-domain representations, enhancing edge and texture features crucial for object detection in murky waters. Furthermore, we adapt the YOLOX architecture into a spike-based detector via ANN-to-SNN conversion using signed spiking neurons. Extensive experiments on the RUOD dataset demonstrate that SFSNN achieves superior performance over both SNN- and ANN-based detection models, offering a compelling solution for low-power underwater object detection.

Authors

• Long Chen Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Science Waytous
• Wei Miao School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä
• Xin Gao King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
• Yunzhi Zhuge Dalian University of Technology
• Hongming Xu Beijing Institute of General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)
• Yaxin Li
• Qi Xu Dalian University of Technology

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