Dual Graph Disambiguation for Multi-Instance Partial-Label Learning

In multi-instance partial label learning (MIPL), each sample is a bag of multiple instances linked to a candidate label set containing one true and multiple false labels, yielding inexact supervision in both instance features and label space. However, existing works adopt decoupled approaches that focus exclusively on either instance-level feature fusion or label-level disambiguation, failing to fully exploit the intrinsic dependencies between these two spaces. To overcome this limitation, graph-based methods are widely recognized as a powerful paradigm in weakly supervised learning, yet their success hinges on reliable features—precisely what MIPL lacks due to instance-level noise. To bridge this gap, we propose DualG, a novel framework that simultaneously addresses feature learning and label disambiguation through dual-level graph propagation. Specifically, we construct dual relevance graphs at both the bag and instance levels. At the bag level, we build a similarity graph based on fused feature representations; at the instance level, we employ attention scores to filter out irrelevant instances and construct a reliable instance-level relevance graph. These complementary graphs enable our joint label disambiguation framework to simultaneously address inexact supervision signals in both instance space and label space. Experimental results on five benchmark datasets demonstrate that DualG outperforms existing MIPL and partial label learning methods, validating its effectiveness and superiority.

Authors

• Zhen Zhu
• Kai Tang
• Songhe Feng School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Big Data \& Artificial Intelligence in Transportation (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education
• Yixuan Tang National University of Singapore
• Haobo Wang Zhejiang University Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security
• Gengyu Lyu College of Computer Science, Beijing University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University Idealism Beijing Technology Co., Ltd.
• Cheng Peng The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University
• Yining Sun Yixiaomo.Inc

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