EAAI Journal 2026 Journal Article
Knowledge graph-based operation and maintenance risk analysis and early warning approach for railway traction power supply systems
- Shi Qiu
- Xiaojian Li
- Yongjun Chen
- Weidong Wang
- Jin Wang
- Runan Cheng
- Qasim Zaheer
The railway traction power supply system (RTPSS) is a critical component in the operation of electrified railways. However, as the network expands and maintenance cycles lengthen, it faces increasing operational risk. To enhance the accuracy of risk management and the timeliness of decision-making, this paper presents a risk analysis framework for the operation and maintenance (O&M) of RTPSS by utilizing knowledge graph technology. Initially, natural language processing (NLP) techniques are employed to handle massive fault data, constructing a systematic model to comprehensively represent the global modeling of multi-risk coupling mechanisms and cross-system cascade failures. Subsequently, a method for evaluating the early warning levels of risk events is proposed, which integrates multidimensional data. This method systematically assesses early warning levels by considering risk probability, risk loss data, and network topology data. Finally, the study outlines the process of mapping the early warning levels of RTPSS O&M risk onto knowledge graphs by dynamically integrating physical data with graph-based approaches. This approach enables maintenance personnel to quickly identify and comprehend the operational status of the RTPSS. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances systematization, comprehensiveness, and observability, providing a more accurate and holistic tool for managing RTPSS O&M risk.