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Xiaohui Liu

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9 papers

1 author row

EAAI Journal 2024 Journal Article

A new particle-swarm-optimization-assisted deep transfer learning framework with applications to outlier detection in additive manufacturing

Jingzhong Fang
Zidong Wang
Weibo Liu
Linwei Chen
Xiaohui Liu

In wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), the electric arc is an essential part of the welding equipment, which serves as the heat source and is directed by the current and voltage. The working status of the electric arc is an important factor in determining the quality of the fabricated components. During the welding process, the current and voltage may change abruptly due to some abnormalities in the operating conditions, which may affect the working status and thereby affect the quality of products. Such abnormal changes in the current and voltage can be treated as outliers. In order to identify outliers in current and voltage to further improve the welding process, in this paper, a novel deep-transfer-learning-embedded outlier detection approach is developed for WAAM. A new domain adaptation strategy is designed where the cross-domain discrepancies of the marginal distribution and conditional distribution are minimized. Specifically, two separate coefficients are introduced to adjust the conditional domain discrepancies of normal instances and outliers with the purpose of alleviating the data imbalance problem. The particle swarm optimizer is employed to adjust the hyper-parameters. The developed deep transfer learning framework is exploited in designing a new outlier detector with application to WAAM. The proposed approach is exploited in real-world industrial data collected through the WAAM process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed outlier detection approach outperforms the standard deep-learning-based outlier detector approach and the standard transfer-learning-embedded outlier detection approach in terms of detection accuracy.

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AAAI Conference 2024 Conference Paper

Learning Real-World Image De-weathering with Imperfect Supervision

Xiaohui Liu
Zhilu Zhang
Xiaohe Wu
Chaoyu Feng
Xiaotao Wang
Lei Lei
Wangmeng Zuo

Real-world image de-weathering aims at removing various undesirable weather-related artifacts. Owing to the impossibility of capturing image pairs concurrently, existing real-world de-weathering datasets often exhibit inconsistent illumination, position, and textures between the ground-truth images and the input degraded images, resulting in imperfect supervision. Such non-ideal supervision negatively affects the training process of learning-based de-weathering methods. In this work, we attempt to address the problem with a unified solution for various inconsistencies. Specifically, inspired by information bottleneck theory, we first develop a Consistent Label Constructor (CLC) to generate a pseudo-label as consistent as possible with the input degraded image while removing most weather-related degradation. In particular, multiple adjacent frames of the current input are also fed into CLC to enhance the pseudo-label. Then we combine the original imperfect labels and pseudo-labels to jointly supervise the de-weathering model by the proposed Information Allocation Strategy (IAS). During testing, only the de-weathering model is used for inference. Experiments on two real-world de-weathering datasets show that our method helps existing de-weathering models achieve better performance. Code is available at https://github.com/1180300419/imperfect-deweathering.

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AAAI Conference 2023 Conference Paper

Symmetry-Aware Transformer-Based Mirror Detection

Tianyu Huang
Bowen Dong
Jiaying Lin
Xiaohui Liu
Rynson W.H. Lau
Wangmeng Zuo

Mirror detection aims to identify the mirror regions in the given input image. Existing works mainly focus on integrating the semantic features and structural features to mine specific relations between mirror and non-mirror regions, or introducing mirror properties like depth or chirality to help analyze the existence of mirrors. In this work, we observe that a real object typically forms a loose symmetry relationship with its corresponding reflection in the mirror, which is beneficial in distinguishing mirrors from real objects. Based on this observation, we propose a dual-path Symmetry-Aware Transformer-based mirror detection Network (SATNet), which includes two novel modules: Symmetry-Aware Attention Module (SAAM) and Contrast and Fusion Decoder Module (CFDM). Specifically, we first adopt a transformer backbone to model global information aggregation in images, extracting multi-scale features in two paths. We then feed the high-level dual-path features to SAAMs to capture the symmetry relations. Finally, we fuse the dual-path features and refine our prediction maps progressively with CFDMs to obtain the final mirror mask. Experimental results show that SATNet outperforms both RGB and RGB-D mirror detection methods on all available mirror detection datasets.

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AIJ Journal 2015 Journal Article

Bi-goal evolution for many-objective optimization problems

Miqing Li
Shengxiang Yang
Xiaohui Liu

This paper presents a meta-objective optimization approach, called Bi-Goal Evolution (BiGE), to deal with multi-objective optimization problems with many objectives. In multi-objective optimization, it is generally observed that 1) the conflict between the proximity and diversity requirements is aggravated with the increase of the number of objectives and 2) the Pareto dominance loses its effectiveness for a high-dimensional space but works well on a low-dimensional space. Inspired by these two observations, BiGE converts a given multi-objective optimization problem into a bi-goal (objective) optimization problem regarding proximity and diversity, and then handles it using the Pareto dominance relation in this bi-goal domain. Implemented with estimation methods of individuals' performance and the classic Pareto nondominated sorting procedure, BiGE divides individuals into different nondominated layers and attempts to put well-converged and well-distributed individuals into the first few layers. From a series of extensive experiments on four groups of well-defined continuous and combinatorial optimization problems with 5, 10 and 15 objectives, BiGE has been found to be very competitive against five state-of-the-art algorithms in balancing proximity and diversity. The proposed approach is the first step towards a new way of addressing many-objective problems as well as indicating several important issues for future development of this type of algorithms.

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JBHI Journal 2014 Journal Article

Segmentation of the Blood Vessels and Optic Disk in Retinal Images

Ana Salazar-Gonzalez
Djibril Kaba
Yongmin Li
Xiaohui Liu

Retinal image analysis is increasingly prominent as a nonintrusive diagnosis method in modern ophthalmology. In this paper, we present a novel method to segment blood vessels and optic disk in the fundus retinal images. The method could be used to support nonintrusive diagnosis in modern ophthalmology since the morphology of the blood vessel and the optic disk is an important indicator for diseases like diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and hypertension. Our method takes as first step the extraction of the retina vascular tree using the graph cut technique. The blood vessel information is then used to estimate the location of the optic disk. The optic disk segmentation is performed using two alternative methods. The Markov random field (MRF) image reconstruction method segments the optic disk by removing vessels from the optic disk region, and the compensation factor method segments the optic disk using the prior local intensity knowledge of the vessels. The proposed method is tested on three public datasets, DIARETDB1, DRIVE, and STARE. The results and comparison with alternative methods show that our method achieved exceptional performance in segmenting the blood vessel and optic disk.

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AIIM Journal 2005 Journal Article

A spatio-temporal Bayesian network classifier for understanding visual field deterioration

Allan Tucker
Veronica Vinciotti
Xiaohui Liu
David Garway-Heath

Objective: Progressive loss of the field of vision is characteristic of a number of eye diseases such as glaucoma which is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Recently, there has been an explosion in the amount of data being stored on patients who suffer from visual deterioration including field test data, retinal image data and patient demographic data. However, there has been relatively little work in modelling the s p a t i a l and t e m p o r a l relationships common to such data. In this paper we introduce a novel method for classifying visual field (VF) data that e x p l i c i t l y models these spatial and temporal relationships. Methodology: We carry out an analysis of our proposed spatio-temporal Bayesian classifier and compare it to a number of classifiers from the machine learning and statistical communities. These are all tested on two datasets of VF and clinical data. We investigate the receiver operating characteristics curves, the resulting network structures and also make use of existing anatomical knowledge of the eye in order to validate the discovered models. Results: Results are very encouraging showing that our classifiers are comparable to existing statistical models whilst also facilitating the understanding of underlying spatial and temporal relationships within VF data. The results reveal the potential of using such models for knowledge discovery within ophthalmic databases, such as networks reflecting the ‘nasal step’, an early indicator of the onset of glaucoma. Conclusion: The results outlined in this paper pave the way for a substantial program of study involving many other spatial and temporal datasets, including retinal image and clinical data.

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AIIM Journal 2002 Journal Article

Predicting glaucomatous visual field deterioration through short multivariate time series modelling

Stephen Swift
Xiaohui Liu

In bio-medical domains there are many applications involving the modelling of multivariate time series (MTS) data. One area that has been largely overlooked so far is the particular type of time series where the dataset consists of a large number of variables but with a small number of observations. In this paper, we describe the development of a novel computational method based on genetic algorithms that bypasses the size restrictions of traditional statistical MTS methods, makes no distribution assumptions, and also locates the order and associated parameters as a whole step. We apply this method to the prediction and modelling of glaucomatous visual field deterioration.

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KER Journal 1996 Journal Article

Intelligent data analysis: issues and challenges

Xiaohui Liu

Two phenomena have probably affected modern data analysts' lives more than anything else. First, the size of real-world data sets is getting increasingly large, especially during the last decade or so. Second, modern computational methods and tools are being developed which add further capability to traditional statistical analysis tools. These two developments have created a new range of problems and challenges for analysts, as well as new opportunities for intelligent systems in data analysis.

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AAAI Conference 1994 Conference Paper

Noise and Uncertainty Management in Intelligent Data Modeling

Xiaohui Liu

The management of uncertain and noisy data plays an important role in many problem solving tasks. One traditional approach is to quantify the magnitude of noise or uncertainty in the data and to take this information into account when using this type of data for different purposes. In this paper we propose an alternative way of handling uncertain and noisy data. In particular, noise in the data is positively identified and deleted so that quality data can be obtained. Using the assumption that interesting properties in data are more stable than the noise, we propose a general strategy which involves machine learning from data and domain knowledge. This strategy has been shown to provide a satisfactory way of locating and rejecting noise in large quantities of visual field test data, crucial for the diagnosis of a variety of blinding diseases.

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