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Peter Jackson

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7 papers
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7

AIJ Journal 2003 Journal Article

Information extraction from case law and retrieval of prior cases

  • Peter Jackson
  • Khalid Al-Kofahi
  • Alex Tyrrell
  • Arun Vachher

We describe an information extraction and retrieval system, called History Assistant, which extracts rulings from court opinions and retrieves relevant prior cases from a citator database. The technology employed is similar to that adopted in the Message Understanding Conferences, but attempts a fuller parse in order to distinguish current rulings from previous rulings reported in a case. In addition, we employ a combination of information retrieval and machine learning techniques to link each new case to related documents that it may impact. We present experimental results, in terms of precision and recall, for all tasks performed by the extraction and linking programs. Part of the finished system has been deemed worthy of further development into a computer-assisted database update tool to help editors assimilate historical relationships between cases into a concordance of court decisions, called a citator.

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KER Journal 1989 Journal Article

Applications of nonmonotonic logic to diagnosis

  • Peter Jackson

Abstract This paper attempts to assess the practical utility of nonmonotonic logic in diagnostic problem solving. We begin with a brief review of the main assumptions which motivate work in this area, and discuss two logic-based approaches which involve nonmonotonic arguments. Then we consider two recent proposals for the application of default logic to diagnosis, as well as a proposal based on counterfactual logic. In conclusion, we briefly compare these methods with other diagnostic reasoning paradigms found in the Artificial Intelligence literature.

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IJCAI Conference 1989 Conference Paper

On the Semantics of Counterfactuals

  • Peter Jackson

It is argued that Ginsberg's Possible Worlds Approach to counterfactual implication suffers from a number of defects which are the result of confusing proof theory and model theory. In particular, logically equivalent theories do not have identical counterfactual consequences, and monotonic theory revisions are not always preferred to nonmonotonic ones. This paper develops a situation semantics for counterfactual implication in which propositions are treated as operations on sets of possible worlds. Logically equivalent theories have identical consequences in the model theory, which always prefers monotonic revisions to nonmonotonic ones and validates all the axioms and derivation rules of counterfactual logic. The semantics is also contrasted with Winslett's Possible Models Approach.

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AAAI Conference 1988 Conference Paper

A General Proof Method for Modal Predicate Logic without the Barcan Formula

  • Peter Jackson

We present a general proof method for normal systems of modal predicate logic with identical inference rules for each such logic. Different systems are obtained by changing the conditions under which two formulas are considered complementary. The paper extends previous work in that we are no longer confined. to models in which the Barcan formula and its converse hold. This allows the domain of individuals to vary from world to world. Modifications to the original inference rules are given, and a semantic justification is provided.

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