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Luc Boasson

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13 papers
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13

TCS Journal 2012 Journal Article

Splicing systems and the Chomsky hierarchy

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson
  • Isabelle Fagnot

In this paper, we prove decidability properties and new results on the position of the family of languages generated by (circular) splicing systems within the Chomsky hierarchy. The two main results of the paper are the following. First, we show that it is decidable, given a circular splicing language and a regular language, whether they are equal. Second, we prove the language generated by an alphabetic splicing system is context-free. Alphabetic splicing systems are a generalization of simple and semi-simple splicing systems already considered in the literature.

I&C Journal 2010 Journal Article

The expressive power of the shuffle product

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson
  • Olivier Carton
  • Jean-Éric Pin
  • Antonio Restivo

There is an increasing interest in the shuffle product on formal languages, mainly because it is a standard tool for modeling process algebras. It still remains a mysterious operation on regular languages. Antonio Restivo proposed as a challenge to characterize the smallest class of languages containing the singletons and closed under Boolean operations, product and shuffle. This problem is still widely open, but we present some partial results on it. We also study some other smaller classes, including the smallest class containing the languages composed of a single word of length 2 which is closed under Boolean operations and shuffle by a letter (resp. shuffle by a letter and by the star of a letter). The proof techniques have both an algebraic and a combinatorial flavor.

TCS Journal 2009 Journal Article

Continuant polynomials and worst-case behavior of Hopcroft’s minimization algorithm

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson
  • Olivier Carton

This paper is concerned with the analysis of the worst case behavior of Hopcroft’s algorithm for minimizing deterministic finite state automata. We extend a result of Castiglione, Restivo and Sciortino. They show that Hopcroft’s algorithm has a worst case behavior for the automata recognizing Fibonacci words. In a previous paper, we have proved that this holds for all standard Sturmian words having an ultimately periodic directive sequence (the directive sequence for Fibonacci words is ( 1, 1, … )). We prove here that the same conclusion holds for all standard Sturmian words having a directive sequence with bounded elements. More precisely, we obtain in fact a characterization of those directive sequences for which Hopcroft’s algorithm has worst case running time. These are the directive sequences ( d 1, d 2, d 3, … ) for which the sequence of geometric means ( d 1 d 2 ⋯ d n ) 1 / n is bounded. As a consequence, we easily show that there exist directive sequences for which the worst case for the running time is not attained.

TCS Journal 2006 Journal Article

Operations preserving regular languages

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson
  • Olivier Carton
  • Bruno Petazzoni
  • Jean-Eric Pin

Given a strictly increasing sequence s of non-negative integers, filtering a word a 0 a 1 ⋯ a n by s consists in deleting the letters a i such that i is not in the set { s 0, s 1, … }. By a natural generalization, denote by L [ s ], where L is a language, the set of all words of L filtered by s. The filtering problem is to characterize the filters s such that, for every regular language L, L [ s ] is regular. In this paper, the filtering problem is solved, and a unified approach is provided to solve similar questions, including the removal problem considered by Seiferas and McNaughton. Our approach relies on a detailed study of various residual notions, notably residually ultimately periodic sequences and residually rational transductions.

TCS Journal 2005 Journal Article

Mixed languages

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson
  • Michel Latteux

Let T = A ∪ B ∪ C be an alphabet that is partitioned into three subalphabets. The mixing product of a word g over A ∪ B and of a word d over A ∪ C is the set of words w over T such that its projection onto A ∪ B gives g and its projection onto A ∪ C gives d. Let R be a regular language over T such that xbcy is in R if and only if xcby is in R for any two letters b in B and c in C. In other words, R is commutative over B and C. Is this property “structural” in the sense that R can then be obtained as a mixing product of a regular language over A ∪ B and of a regular language over A ∪ C? This question has a rather easy answer, but there are many cases where the answer is negative. A more interesting question is whether R can be represented as a finite union of mixed products of regular languages. For the moment, we do not have an answer to this question. However, we prove that it is decidable whether, for a given k, the language R is a union of at most k mixed products of regular languages. Résumé Soit T = A ∪ B ∪ C un alphabet partitionné en trois sous-alphabets. Le mélange d’un mot g sur A ∪ B et d’un mot d sur A ∪ C est l’ensemble des mots w sur T dont la projection sur A ∪ B donne le mot g et sur A ∪ C donne le mot d. Soit R un langage rationnel sur T tel que xbcy est dans R si et seulement si xcby est dans R pour deux lettres quelconques b ∈ B et c ∈ C. En d’autres termes, R est commutatif sur B et C. Est-ce que cette propriété est “structurelle”, c’est-à-dire peut-on alors obtenir R comme mélange d’un langage rationnel sur A ∪ B et d’un langage rationnel sur A ∪ C? Cette question a une réponse plutôt facile, mais il existe de trop nombreux cas où la réponse est négative. Une question plus intéressante est de savoir si on peut représenter R comme une union finie de mélanges de langages rationnels. Pour l’instant, nous n’avons pas de réponse à cette question. En revanche, nous montrons qu’il est décidable, pour un entier k donné, si R est union d’au plus k mélanges de langages rationnels.

TCS Journal 2002 Journal Article

Shuffle factorization is unique

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson

We prove that, given a finite set of words S, there exists at most one (normalized) multiset P such that S is the shuffle of the words in P. The multiset P is effectively computable.

MFCS Conference 2000 Conference Paper

XML Grammars

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson

Abstract XML documents are described by a document type definition (DTD). An XML-grammar is a formal grammar that captures the syntactic features of a DTD. We investigate properties of this family of grammars. We show that an XML-language basically has a unique XML-grammar. We give two characterizations of languages generated by XML-grammars, one is set-theoretic, the other is by a kind of saturation property. We investigate decidability problems and prove that some properties that are undecidable for general context-free languages become decidable for XML-languages.

TCS Journal 1999 Journal Article

Partial words and a theorem of Fine and Wilf

  • Jean Berstel
  • Luc Boasson

A partial word is a word that is a partial mapping into an alphabet. We prove a variant of Fine and Wilf's theorem for partial words, and give extensions of some general combinatorial properties of words.

TCS Journal 1984 Journal Article

Remarques sur les langages de parenthèses

  • Jean-Michael Autebert
  • Joffroy Beauquier
  • Luc Boasson
  • Géraud Sénizergues

We prove here that nest sets, formerly considered by Takahashi (1975), are N. T. S. languages, and we give two properties relating them with parenthesis and multiparenthesis languages.

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