EAAI Journal 2026 Journal Article
Dynamic patient similarity modeling with multi-source fused clinical knowledge for enhanced disease prediction
- Yichen He
- Yuchen Lin
- Xiaorou Zheng
- Shoubin Dong
- Jun Fu
Accurate clinical disease prediction is crucial for modern healthcare. However, current methods for clinical disease prediction using multi-source Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are limited by coarse-grained integration and static utilization of similar patient data, failing to capture inter-entity interactions or dynamic disease evolution. In terms of the contribution to artificial intelligence, this paper proposes MFaDP, a novel framework integrating multi-source clinical knowledge including external knowledge graphs, medical code hierarchies, and internal co-occurrence patterns to construct multi-dimensional knowledge subgraphs, and pre-train high-quality entity representations via self-supervised reconstruction tasks for patient modeling and disease prediction. Crucially, MFaDP pioneers the dynamic modeling of similar patient evolution, leveraging historical visit records with the clinical pathways of similar patients, with an attention mechanism to dynamically extract reference information and uncover latent pathological patterns. Regarding the application in engineering, the proposed framework is applied to the critical task of intelligent clinical decision support. Extensive experiments on two large-scale public datasets, MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV, demonstrate that MFaDP significantly outperforms state-of-the-art models across multiple prediction tasks, validating its advanced capability in harnessing complex EHR data for enhanced predictive performance.