I&C Journal 2023 Journal Article
Eilenberg's variety theorem without Boolean operations
- Fabian Birkmann
- Stefan Milius
- Henning Urbat
Eilenberg's variety theorem marked a milestone in the algebraic theory of regular languages by establishing a formal correspondence between properties of regular languages and properties of finite monoids recognizing them. Motivated by classes of languages accepted by quantum finite automata, we introduce basic varieties of regular languages, a weakening of Eilenberg's original concept that does not require closure under any boolean operations, and prove a variety theorem for them. To do so, we investigate the algebraic recognition of languages by lattice bimodules, generalizing Klíma and Polák's lattice algebras, and we utilize the duality between algebraic completely distributive lattices and posets.