STOC Conference 1981 Conference Paper
- David E. Muller
- Paul E. Schupp
We have discovered a very strong connection between certain areas of theoretical computer science—the theory of context-free languages and pushdown automata, tiling problems, cellular automata, and vector addition systems—and certain concepts from group theory, topology, and second-order logic. We use these concepts to investigate a rather wide class of graphs which we call context-free graphs. Using the results obtained and Rabin's theorem that the monadic second-order theory of the infinite binary tree is decidable, we are able to show that the monadic second-order theory of any context-free graph is decidable. Cellular automata and vector addition systems are usually considered as involving the grid of integer lattice points in n-dimensional space. We show that such systems make sense on a very general class of graphs and, in contrast to the classical case, all the relevant algorithmic problems concerning such systems are solvable on context-free graphs.