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Claire André

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3

YNICL Journal 2025 Journal Article

Sleep spindle density and morphology are resilient to post-traumatic gray matter volume loss

  • Narges Kalantari
  • Véronique Daneault
  • Hélène Blais
  • Claire André
  • Erlan Sanchez
  • Jean-Marc Lina
  • Caroline Arbour
  • Danielle Gilbert

Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to gray matter volume (GMV) loss, cognitive dysfunction, and persistent sleep-wake complaints. Given the link between GMV and sleep spindles in healthy adults and the role of spindles in neural plasticity and protecting sleep against disturbances, we investigated GMV-spindle associations following TBI. In this cross-sectional study, 27 adults with chronic moderate to severe TBI (32.0 ± 12.2 years old) and 32 healthy controls (29.2 ± 11.5 years old) underwent full-night polysomnography and 3-Tesla MRI. Spindle density, amplitude, frequency, duration, and sigma spectral power (11-16 Hz) were computed. We tested GMV-spindle associations in 1) clusters with GMV loss following TBI (right and left frontotemporal and left temporal) and 2) regions previously linked to spindles in healthy adults (hippocampus, insula, cingulate, supplementary motor area, cerebellum, Heschl's gyri, thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, putamen, and pallidum). Multiple regression analyses were performed with Group as a moderator, controlled for age. Across all participants, higher spindle amplitude and sigma power were associated with larger GMVs in the left frontotemporal, left temporal, thalamic, and medial prefrontal regions. Faster spindle frequency was associated with larger GMV in most regions, though for the left and right frontotemporal regions and hippocampus, these associations were observed only in controls. No Group effects were found for spindle characteristics. The lack of stronger GMV-spindle associations following TBI and the absence of Group effects for spindle characteristics suggest spindles' resilience to post-traumatic GMV loss.

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YNICL Journal 2022 Journal Article

Medial temporal lobe and obstructive sleep apnea: Effect of sex, age, cognitive status and free-water

  • Marie-Ève Martineau-Dussault
  • Claire André
  • Véronique Daneault
  • Andrée-Ann Baril
  • Katia Gagnon
  • Hélène Blais
  • Dominique Petit
  • Jacques Y. Montplaisir

Medial temporal structures, namely the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex and the parahippocampal gyrus, are particularly vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease and hypoxemia. Here, we tested the associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and medial temporal lobe volumes in 114 participants aged 55-86 years (35 % women). We also investigated the impact of sex, age, cognitive status, and free-water fraction correction on these associations. Increased OSA severity was associated with larger hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes in women, but not in men. Greater OSA severity also correlated with increased hippocampal volumes in participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, but not in cognitively unimpaired participants, regardless of sex. Using free-water corrected volumes eliminated all significant associations with OSA severity. Therefore, the increase in medial temporal subregion volumes may possibly be due to edema. Whether these structural manifestations further progress to neuronal death in non-treated OSA patients should be investigated.

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YNIMG Journal 2021 Journal Article

Association of quality of life with structural, functional and molecular brain imaging in community-dwelling older adults

  • Valentin Ourry
  • Julie Gonneaud
  • Brigitte Landeau
  • Inès Moulinet
  • Edelweiss Touron
  • Sophie Dautricourt
  • Gwendoline Le Du
  • Florence Mézenge

BACKGROUND: As the population ages, maintaining mental health and well-being of older adults is a public health priority. Beyond objective measures of health, self-perceived quality of life (QoL) is a good indicator of successful aging. In older adults, it has been shown that QoL is related to structural brain changes. However, QoL is a multi-faceted concept and little is known about the specific relationship of each QoL domain to brain structure, nor about the links with other aspects of brain integrity, including white matter microstructure, brain perfusion and amyloid deposition, which are particularly relevant in aging. Therefore, we aimed to better characterize the brain biomarkers associated with each QoL domain using a comprehensive multimodal neuroimaging approach in older adults. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-five cognitively unimpaired older adults (mean age ± SD: 69.4 ± 3.8 y) underwent structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, together with early and late florbetapir positron emission tomography scans. QoL was assessed using the brief version of the World Health Organization's QoL instrument, which allows measuring four distinct domains of QoL: self-perceived physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment. Multiple regression analyses were carried out to identify the independent global neuroimaging predictor(s) of each QoL domain, and voxel-wise analyses were then conducted with the significant predictor(s) to highlight the brain regions involved. Age, sex, education and the other QoL domains were entered as covariates in these analyses. Finally, forward stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to determine the specific items of the relevant QoL domain(s) that contributed the most to these brain associations. RESULTS: Only physical health QoL was associated with global neuroimaging values, specifically gray matter volume and white matter mean kurtosis, with higher physical health QoL being associated with greater brain integrity. These relationships were still significant after correction for objective physical health and physical activity measures. No association was found with global brain perfusion or global amyloid deposition. Voxel-wise analyses revealed that the relationships with physical health QoL concerned the anterior insula and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and the corpus callosum, corona radiata, inferior frontal white matter and cingulum. Self-perceived daily living activities and self-perceived pain and discomfort were the items that contributed the most to these associations with gray matter volume and white matter mean kurtosis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Better self-perceived physical health, encompassing daily living activities and pain and discomfort, was the only QoL domain related to brain structural integrity including higher global gray matter volume and global white matter microstructural integrity in cognitively unimpaired older adults. The relationships involved brain structures belonging to the salience network, the pain pathway and the empathy network. While previous studies showed a link between objective measures of physical health, our findings specifically highlight the relevance of monitoring and promoting self-perceived physical health in the older population. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the direction and causality of the relationships between QoL and brain integrity.

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