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Changxing Ding

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5 papers

1 author row

AAAI Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Beyond Human Data: Aligning Multimodal Large Language Models by Iterative Self-Evolution

Wentao Tan
Qiong Cao
Yibing Zhan
Chao Xue
Changxing Ding

Human preference alignment can significantly enhance the capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, collecting high-quality preference data remains costly. One promising solution is the self-evolution strategy, where models are iteratively trained on data they generate. Current multimodal self-evolution techniques, nevertheless, still need human- or GPT-annotated data. Some methods even require extra models or ground truth answers to construct preference data. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel multimodal self-evolution framework that empowers the model to autonomously generate high-quality questions and answers using only unannotated images. First, in the question generation phase, we implement an image-driven self-questioning mechanism. This approach allows the model to create questions and evaluate their relevance and answerability based on the image content. If a question is deemed irrelevant or unanswerable, the model regenerates it to ensure alignment with the image. This process establishes a solid foundation for subsequent answer generation and optimization. Second, while generating answers, we design an answer self-enhancement technique to boost the discriminative power of answers. We begin by captioning the images and then use the descriptions to enhance the generated answers. Additionally, we utilize corrupted images to generate rejected answers, thereby forming distinct preference pairs for effective optimization. Finally, in the optimization step, we incorporate an image content alignment loss function alongside the Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) loss to mitigate hallucinations. This function maximizes the likelihood of the above generated descriptions in order to constrain the model's attention to the image content. As a result, model can generate more accurate and reliable outputs. Experiments demonstrate that our framework is competitively compared with previous methods that utilize external information, paving the way for more efficient and scalable MLLMs.

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NeurIPS Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Layer as Puzzle Pieces: Compressing Large Language Models through Layer Concatenation

Fei Wang
Li Shen
Liang Ding
Chao Xue
Ye Liu
Changxing Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at natural language processing tasks, but their massive size leads to high computational and storage demands. Recent works have sought to reduce their model size through layer-wise structured pruning. However, they tend to ignore retaining the capabilities in the pruned part. In this work, we re-examine structured pruning paradigms and uncover several key limitations: 1) notable performance degradation due to direct layer removal, 2) incompetent linear weighted layer aggregation, and 3) the lack of effective post-training recovery mechanisms. To address these limitations, we propose CoMe, including a progressive layer pruning framework with a Concatenation-based Merging technology and a hierarchical distillation post-training process. Specifically, we introduce a channel sensitivity metric that utilizes activation intensity and weight norms for fine-grained channel selection. Subsequently, we employ a concatenation-based layer merging method to fuse the most critical channels in the adjacent layers, enabling a progressive model size reduction. Finally, we propose a hierarchical distillation protocol, which leverages the correspondences between the original and pruned model layers established during pruning, enabling efficient knowledge transfer. Experiments on seven benchmarks show that CoMe achieves state-of-the-art performance; when pruning 30% of LLaMA-2-7b's parameters, the pruned model retains 83% of its original average accuracy.

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NeurIPS Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Partition-Then-Adapt: Combating Prediction Bias for Reliable Multi-Modal Test-Time Adaptation

Guowei Wang
Fan Lyu
Changxing Ding

Existing test-time adaptation (TTA) methods primarily focus on scenarios involving domain shifts in a single modality. However, they often prove ineffective when multiple modalities simultaneously undergo domain shifts, as they struggle to identify and utilize reliable samples within testing batches amid severe prediction bias. To address this problem, we propose Partition-Then-Adapt (PTA), a novel approach combating prediction bias for TTA with multi-modal domain shifts. PTA comprises two key components: Partition and Debiased Reweighting (PDR) and multi-modal Attention-Guided Alignment (AGA). Specifically, PDR evaluates each sample’s predicted label frequency relative to the batch average, partitioning the batch into potential reliable and unreliable subsets. It then reweights each sample by jointly assessing its bias and confidence levels through a quantile-based approach. By applying weighted entropy loss, PTA simultaneously promotes learning from reliable subsets and discourages reliance on unreliable ones. Moreover, AGA regularizes PDR to focus on semantically meaningful multi-modal cues. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of PTA, surpassing state-of-the-art method by 6. 1\% on Kinetics50-MC and 5. 8\% on VGGSound-MC, respectively. Code of this paper is available at https: //github. com/MPI-Lab/PTA.

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AAAI Conference 2022 Conference Paper

MobileFaceSwap: A Lightweight Framework for Video Face Swapping

Zhiliang Xu
Zhibin Hong
Changxing Ding
Zhen Zhu
Junyu Han
Jingtuo Liu
Errui Ding

Advanced face swapping methods have achieved appealing results. However, most of these methods have many parameters and computations, which makes it challenging to apply them in real-time applications or deploy them on edge devices like mobile phones. In this work, we propose a lightweight Identity-aware Dynamic Network (IDN) for subject-agnostic face swapping by dynamically adjusting the model parameters according to the identity information. In particular, we design an efficient Identity Injection Module (IIM) by introducing two dynamic neural network techniques, including the weights prediction and weights modulation. Once the IDN is updated, it can be applied to swap faces given any target image or video. The presented IDN contains only 0. 50M parameters and needs 0. 33G FLOPs per frame, making it capable for real-time video face swapping on mobile phones. In addition, we introduce a knowledge distillationbased method for stable training, and a loss reweighting module is employed to obtain better synthesized results. Finally, our method achieves comparable results with the teacher models and other state-of-the-art methods.

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TIST Journal 2016 Journal Article

A Comprehensive Survey on Pose-Invariant Face Recognition

Changxing Ding
Dacheng Tao

The capacity to recognize faces under varied poses is a fundamental human ability that presents a unique challenge for computer vision systems. Compared to frontal face recognition, which has been intensively studied and has gradually matured in the past few decades, Pose-Invariant Face Recognition (PIFR) remains a largely unsolved problem. However, PIFR is crucial to realizing the full potential of face recognition for real-world applications, since face recognition is intrinsically a passive biometric technology for recognizing uncooperative subjects. In this article, we discuss the inherent difficulties in PIFR and present a comprehensive review of established techniques. Existing PIFR methods can be grouped into four categories, that is, pose-robust feature extraction approaches, multiview subspace learning approaches, face synthesis approaches, and hybrid approaches. The motivations, strategies, pros/cons, and performance of representative approaches are described and compared. Moreover, promising directions for future research are discussed.

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