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Banggu Wu

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2 papers
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2

ICLR Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Hyper-Connections

  • Defa Zhu
  • Hongzhi Huang
  • Zihao Huang
  • Yutao Zeng
  • Yunyao Mao
  • Banggu Wu
  • Qiyang Min
  • Xun Zhou

We present hyper-connections, a simple yet effective method that can serve as an alternative to residual connections. This approach specifically addresses common drawbacks observed in residual connection variants, such as the seesaw effect between gradient vanishing and representation collapse. Theoretically, hyper-connections allow the network to adjust the strength of connections between features at different depths and dynamically rearrange layers. We conduct experiments focusing on the pre-training of large language models, including dense and sparse models, where hyper-connections show significant performance improvements over residual connections. Additional experiments conducted on vision tasks also demonstrate similar improvements. We anticipate that this method will be broadly applicable and beneficial across a wide range of AI problems.

ICML Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Over-Tokenized Transformer: Vocabulary is Generally Worth Scaling

  • Hongzhi Huang
  • Defa Zhu
  • Banggu Wu
  • Yutao Zeng
  • Ya Wang
  • Qiyang Min
  • Xun Zhou

Tokenization is a fundamental component of large language models (LLMs), yet its influence on model scaling and performance is not fully explored. In this paper, we introduce Over-Tokenized Transformers, a novel framework that decouples input and output vocabularies to improve language modeling performance. Specifically, our approach scales up input vocabularies to leverage multi-gram tokens. Through extensive experiments, we uncover a log-linear relationship between input vocabulary size and training loss, demonstrating that larger input vocabularies consistently enhance model performance, regardless of model size. Using a large input vocabulary, we achieve performance comparable to double-sized baselines with no additional cost. Our findings highlight the importance of tokenization in scaling laws and provide practical insight for tokenizer design, paving the way for more efficient and powerful LLMs.

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