Arrow Research search

Author name cluster

April Niu

Possible papers associated with this exact author name in Arrow. This page groups case-insensitive exact name matches and is not a full identity disambiguation profile.

2 papers
1 author row

Possible papers

2

AAAI Conference 2025 Conference Paper

Eliminating Majority Illusion Is Easy

  • Jack Dippel
  • Max Dupré la Tour
  • April Niu
  • Sanjukta Roy
  • Adrian Vetta

Majority illusion is a phenomenon in social networks wherein the decision by the majority of the network is not the same as one's personal social circle's majority, leading to an incorrect perception of the majority in a large network. We present polynomial-time algorithms which completely eliminate majority illusion by altering as few connections in the network as possible. Eliminating majority illusion ensures each neighbourhood in the network has at least a 1/2-fraction of the majority winner. This result is surprising as partially eliminating majority illusion is NP-hard. We generalize the majority illusion problem to an arbitrary fraction p and show that the problem of ensuring all neighbourhoods in the network contain at least a p-fraction of nodes consistent with a given preference is NP-hard, for nearly all values of p.

PDF Details DOI

AAMAS Conference 2024 Conference Paper

Gerrymandering Planar Graphs

  • Jack Dippel
  • Max Dupré la Tour
  • April Niu
  • Sanjukta Roy
  • Adrian Vetta

We study the computational complexity of the map redistricting problem (gerrymandering). Mathematically, the electoral district designer (gerrymanderer) attempts to partition a weighted graph into 𝑘 connected components (districts) such that its candidate (party) wins as many districts as possible. Prior work has principally concerned the special cases where the graph is a path or a tree. Our focus concerns the realistic case where the graph is planar. We prove that the gerrymandering problem is solvable in polynomial time in 𝜆-outerplanar graphs, when the number of candidates and 𝜆 are constants and the vertex weights (voting weights) are polynomially bounded. In contrast, the problem is NP-complete in general planar graphs even with just two candidates. This motivates the study of approximation algorithms for gerrymandering planar graphs. However, when the number of candidates is large, we prove it is hard to distinguish between instances where the gerrymanderer cannot win a single district and instances where the gerrymanderer can win at least one district. This immediately implies that the redistricting problem is inapproximable in polynomial time in planar graphs, unless P=NP. This conclusion appears terminal for the design of good approximation algorithms – but it is not. The inapproximability bound can be circumvented as it only applies when the maximum number of districts the gerrymanderer can win is extremely small, say one. Indeed, for a fixed number of candidates, our main result is that there is a constant factor approximation algorithm for redistricting unweighted planar graphs, provided the optimal value is a large enough constant.

PDF