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Amanda Sheffield Morris

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YNIMG Journal 2019 Journal Article

Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

  • Donald J. Hagler
  • SeanN. Hatton
  • M. Daniela Cornejo
  • Carolina Makowski
  • Damien A. Fair
  • Anthony Steven Dick
  • Matthew T. Sutherland
  • B.J. Casey

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, nationwide study of the effects of environmental influences on behavioral and brain development in adolescents. The main objective of the study is to recruit and assess over eleven thousand 9-10-year-olds and follow them over the course of 10 years to characterize normative brain and cognitive development, the many factors that influence brain development, and the effects of those factors on mental health and other outcomes. The study employs state-of-the-art multimodal brain imaging, cognitive and clinical assessments, bioassays, and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning. The data is a resource of unprecedented scale and depth for studying typical and atypical development. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the baseline neuroimaging processing and subject-level analysis methods used by ABCD. Processing and analyses include modality-specific corrections for distortions and motion, brain segmentation and cortical surface reconstruction derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), analysis of brain microstructure using diffusion MRI (dMRI), task-related analysis of functional MRI (fMRI), and functional connectivity analysis of resting-state fMRI. This manuscript serves as a methodological reference for users of publicly shared neuroimaging data from the ABCD Study.

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YNIMG Journal 2019 Journal Article

Screen media activity and brain structure in youth: Evidence for diverse structural correlation networks from the ABCD study

  • Martin P. Paulus
  • Lindsay M. Squeglia
  • Kara Bagot
  • Joanna Jacobus
  • Rayus Kuplicki
  • Florence J. Breslin
  • Jerzy Bodurka
  • Amanda Sheffield Morris

The adolescent brain undergoes profound structural changes which is influenced by many factors. Screen media activity (SMA; e. g. , watching television or videos, playing video games, or using social media) is a common recreational activity in children and adolescents; however, its effect on brain structure is not well understood. A multivariate approach with the first cross-sectional data release from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study was used to test the maturational coupling hypothesis, i. e. the notion that coordinated patterns of structural change related to specific behaviors. Moreover, the utility of this approach was tested by determining the association between these structural correlation networks and psychopathology or cognition. ABCD participants with usable structural imaging and SMA data (N = 4277 of 4524) were subjected to a Group Factor Analysis (GFA) to identify latent variables that relate SMA to cortical thickness, sulcal depth, and gray matter volume. Subject scores from these latent variables were used in generalized linear mixed-effect models to investigate associations between SMA and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, as well as fluid and crystalized intelligence. Four SMA-related GFAs explained 37% of the variance between SMA and structural brain indices. SMA-related GFAs correlated with brain areas that support homologous functions. Some but not all SMA-related factors corresponded with higher externalizing (Cohen's d effect size (ES) 0. 06–0. 1) but not internalizing psychopathology and lower crystalized (ES: 0. 08–0. 1) and fluid intelligence (ES: 0. 04–0. 09). Taken together, these findings support the notion of SMA related maturational coupling or structural correlation networks in the brain and provides evidence that individual differences of these networks have mixed consequences for psychopathology and cognitive performance.

Details DOI
v2026.09.13